The state of the planet.
The measurements that matter most for a liveable Earth, straight from the scientific records and the agencies that keep them. Every figure links to the map it comes from.
Mauna Loa, September 2026. It was 316 ppm when measurements began in 1958.
See it on the globe2025 compared with 1951–1980 (NASA). The warmest year so far was 2024, at +1.28 °C.
See it on the globe2026, down from 7.05 million km² in 1979. The record low was 3.57 in 2012.
See it on the globeSatellite altimetry, 2025. The yearly rise has more than doubled since 1993, according to NASA.
See it on the globeClose to the 2016 record of 29.6 million hectares (Global Forest Watch).
See it on the globeWorldwide in 2025, up from 19% in 2000 (Ember).
See it on the globeRecords last read 2026-10-31. Sources: NOAA Global Monitoring Laboratory, NASA GISS, NSIDC, NOAA Laboratory for Satellite Altimetry, Global Forest Watch, Ember via Our World in Data.
Carbon
Burning coal, oil and gas releases about 38 billion tonnes of CO₂ a year. Half of it stays in the air, which is why the curve measured on Mauna Loa only goes up. A handful of countries emit most of it; per person, the picture is different.
Global Carbon Project via Our World in Data.
- 112,290 MtChina
- 24,904 MtUnited States of America
- 33,193 MtIndia
- 41,781 MtRussia
- 5962 MtJapan
- 6812 MtIndonesia
- 7793 MtIran
- 8692 MtSaudi Arabia
- 120.4 tSaudi Arabia
- 214.2 tUnited States of America
- 313.9 tKazakhstan
- 413.4 tCanada
- 512.3 tRussia
- 611.3 tTaiwan
- 711.3 tSouth Korea
- 88.7 tChina
Countries with more than 10 million people.
Heat
Every one of the last ten years ranks among the ten warmest since records began in 1880. Land warms faster than sea, and the Arctic faster than anywhere else.
Each stripe is one year compared with 1951–1980. NASA GISTEMP v4.
Ice and sea
Arctic sea ice in late summer covers about a third less ocean than in 1979. Melting land ice and warmer, expanding water push the sea higher every year, a threat to the hundreds of millions who live near the coast.
NSIDC Sea Ice Index v4.
NOAA Laboratory for Satellite Altimetry, annual means.
Forests
The world still has about 4 billion hectares of forest, but it keeps losing it to farms, fires and logging, mostly in the tropics. Some countries are growing forest back.
Global Forest Watch, 2001 onwards. Includes fires and planned harvests.
- 1-33.8 ptsBenin
- 2-33.2 ptsNicaragua
- 3-28.1 ptsParaguay
- 4-24.7 ptsCambodia
- 5-19.6 ptsGambia
- 6-18.1 ptsBurkina Faso
- 7-18.0 ptsMyanmar
- 8-17.1 ptsLiberia
Change in forest share of land, percentage points. World Bank.
- 1+18.3 ptsVietnam
- 2+15.5 ptsPuerto Rico
- 3+13.4 ptsCuba
- 4+10.4 ptsSpain
- 5+8.4 ptsJamaica
- 6+8.4 ptsRwanda
Energy
Solar and wind are now the fastest-growing sources of electricity in history, and renewables make about a third of the world’s power. Coal still makes the most.
Ember and the Energy Institute via Our World in Data.
- 1100 %Democratic Republic of the Congo
- 2100 %Ethiopia
- 397 %Uganda
- 490 %Kenya
- 587 %Afghanistan
- 683 %Mozambique
- 780 %Sudan
- 877 %Colombia
Countries with more than 30 million people.
- 181 %South Africa
- 271 %India
- 362 %Morocco
- 461 %Indonesia
- 559 %Philippines
- 654 %China
How these numbers are made
Orbis does not model or adjust any of these figures. Each comes from the agency that measures it, with its own baseline: NASA compares temperatures with 1951–1980, the country warming map compares with 1991–2020.
Country statistics show each country’s most recent year. Where a country has not reported for a while, the map says so in its legend and the timeline shows the gaps.
The full list of sources, licences and processing steps is on the data page. If you spot something wrong, the source link next to every map leads to the original.